ASPRS Workshops (May 5-6, 2003)

The workshops are summarized in the table below.
Click the workshop number for more information
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Monday May 5th Workshops
Full Day		Cost
		Member	Non-Member
Workshop #1	Professional Airborne Digital Mapping Systems - an overview	$195	$295
Workshop #2	Airborne GPS-controlled Aerial-Triangulation: Theory and Practical Concepts	$195	$295
Workshop #3	Business and Technology in State-of-the-Art Softcopy Photogrammetric Production	$195	$295
Workshop #4	Preparing For ASPRS Certification	$195	$295
Half Day - Morning
Workshop #5	Photogrammetry 101 - Photogrammetry for Non-Photogrammetrists	$150	$250
Half Day - Afternoon
Workshop #6	Assessing the Accuracy of GIS Information Created from Remotely Sensed Data: Principles and Practices	$150	$250
Tuesday May 6th Workshops
Full Day
Workshop #7	Performance, Accuracy, and Economics of Imaging Sensors, LIDAR and IFSAR for DEM Generation	$250	$350
Workshop #8	Image Classification techniques for the development of accurate, detailed, quantitative land cover data	$195	$295
Workshop #9	A Handle on the Accuracy of Imagery-based Digital Elevation Data in Softcopy Environment	$195	$295
Workshop #10	Hyperspectral Image Processing and Machine Learning Based Feature Extraction: Maximizing Geospatial Information Retrieval through the use of Digital Imagery and a GIS	$195	$295
Half Day - Morning
Workshop #11	MODIS Land Products Workshop	$150	$250
Workshop #12	Remote Sensing and GIS of Wetlands	$150	$250
Half Day - Afternoon
Workshop #13	Integrating 3D Visualization and Multimedia Mapping Techniques with GIS and Remote Sensing Applications	$150	$250

MONDAY WORKSHOPS (May 5, 2003)

WS #1. Professional Airborne Digital Mapping Systems - an overview
(Monday - Full day)

Dave Fuhr, Brian Huberty
Airborne Data Systems U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service

The objective in this course is to dig deep into current professional airborne digital mapping systems. We will discuss all systems and all technical aspects - the good, the bad, and the ugly. Participants will leave with a better understanding of what it takes to acquire the proper system for your application or how to better contract airborne digital mapping projects.

I. Introduction
II. Data Objectives - what do you want to identify?
III. History
IV. Airplanes - Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, to Cessna's to Learjets to U2's
V. Camera Design-Single Camera to Multispectral and Thermal

A. shutters
B. filters/bandwidth
C. forward motion compensation
D. lenses
E. array Sensors-CCD,CMOS
F. linear/pushbroom sensors
G. scanning mirror
H. thermal

VI. Physical Image Resolution
VII. Spectral Image Resolution
VIII. Computer Systems - aircraft compatible
IX. Storage Systems - aircraft compatible
X. Aircraft Power Systems
XI. Real-time data deliver/downlink
XII. Flight Planning/Navigation

A. GPS
B. IMU

XIII. Systems Integration
XIV. Support/Support/Support
XV. Data Post Processing

A. radiometric corrections
B. lens correction
C. Auto-Georeferencing
D. Auto-Georectification
E. Auto-Orthorectification
F. file conversion, formats, sizes, compression

XVI. DEM's/Lidar integration
XVII. Applications
XVIII. Future/Wrap-up

ASPRS WS #2. Airborne GPS-controlled Aerial-Triangulation: Theory and Practical Concepts (Monday - full day)

Dr. Qassim A. Abdullah, Senior Mapping Scientist, EarthData International of Maryland

Dr. Riadh Munjy, Professor of Surveying and Civil Engineering at California State University, Fresno

Dr. Mushtaq Hussain, Professor of Surveying and Civil Engineering at California State University, Fresno

The workshop will provides the participants with good understanding of the new concept of controlling the camera position with a differential carrier phase GPS receiver to dramatically reduce the amount of ground control required for conventional aerial triangulation. The workshop will also present design concepts, practical results, and strengths and shortcomings of the technology. Participants, at the end of the workshop, are expected to have enough understanding to enable them to evaluate, design, and/or execute an airborne GPS-controlled aerial-triangulation mission.

I. What is airborne GPS-controlled aerial-triangulation and how does it differ from traditional aerial-triangulation?
II. Fundamentals of the airborne GPS system.
III. The status of airborne GPS-controlled aerial-triangulation in production today.
IV. Functional system design and requirements for an airborne GPS photogrammetric system.
V. Flight design and control criteria for successful airborne GPS-controlled missions.
VI. Theoretical consideration of airborne-controlled aerial-triangulation.
VII. Practical results and errors analysis.
VIII. Alternate Technologies: the Integrated GPS/Inertial Measurement Technology.

WS #3. Business and Technology in State-of-the-Art Softcopy Photogrammetric Production (Monday - Full day) CANCELLED

Dr. Raad A. Saleh Dr. Maha A. Jaafar
S&J International ZMD Reining Inc.
This workshop is based on the premise that advanced automated photogrammetric methods would yield a business advantage and cost effectiveness through substantial savings in labor. The goal of this workshop tutorial is to provide production managers, practitioners, and decision-makers the knowledge in state-of-the-art softcopy photogrammetric systems; and to enhance their skills in selection and procurement of this technology. The workshop will provide an intensive overview of the theoretical basis, design concepts, and hardware and software; and will examine practical issues associated with the production of various geospatial data. The primary focus is on the business competitive advantage that can be realized in end-to-end softcopy operations, when advanced automation is used.

I. Introduction into Softcopy Photogrammetry Concepts
II. Operational Design of End-to-End Softcopy Production
III. Automated Methods and Matching Techniques
IV. Accuracy in Softcopy Environment
V. Economics and Cost/Benefits of Softcopy Production
VI. Market Overview of the State-of-the-Art in Softcopy Technology
VII. Pending Advances, Breakthroughs, and Future Outlook

WS #4. Preparing For ASPRS Certification
(Monday - full day)

Dr. Robert Burtch
Professor, Ferris State

The purpose of this workshop is to prepare individuals who are planning to sit for the ASPRS Certification exams. The workshop will begin by explaining the purpose and form of the exam. It will then begin to identify key topical areas which an applicant should be aware of prior to taking the exam. Topics will begin with a review of the basic concepts and sample questions to show how these topics will be tested for on the exam. Finally, the workshop will try to identify resources in which exam takers should be aware of and study from in their preparation for the examination.

I. Purpose of the exam
A. Role of the exam in the certification process
B. Format of the exam
C. Topical areas covered on each of the three different exams
II. Photogrammetry
A. Important principles
B. Review questions
C. Resources for further study
III. Remote Sensing
A. Important principles
B. Review questions
C. Resources for further study
IV. Geographic Information Systems
A. Important principles
B. Review questions
C. Resources for further study
V. Other topical areas of importance in preparation for the exam

WS #5. Photogrammetry 101 - Photogrammetry for Non-Photogrammetrists
(Monday - half day- AM)

Lori Phillips
Boeing Autometric, Inc.

This workshop provides the fundamentals of photogrammetry to new hires of photogrammetric mapping firms and/or current GIS mapping specialists who are contemplating expanding their practices to include photogrammetry. It is also an excellent review for current photogrammetric specialists. The goal of the workshop is to present principles of all components of photogrammetric processing. After completing this workshop, participants should have a clear understanding of how photogrammetry works, uses for photogrammetry, and the accuracy that can be achieved using photogrammetry.

I. Cameras and Film
II. Scanners
III. Fundamentals - scale, collinearity, relief displacement
IV. Stereo - parallax, base-to-height ratio, vertical exaggeration
V. Orientations and 3D data collection
VI. Single Photo Resection, orthophotos, mosaicking
VII. Aerotriangulation
VIII. Flight job/planning
IX. Map Projections
X. Review

WS #6. Assessing the Accuracy of GIS Information Created from Remotely Sensed Data: Principles and Practices
(Monday - half day- PM)

Dr. Russell G. Congalton Kass Green
University of New Hampshire Space Imaging, LLC

This course focuses on the principles, techniques, and practical aspects of assessing the accuracy of GIS information derived from remotely sensed data. Participants will receive instruction in how to design accuracy assessment procedures, allocate accuracy assessment samples, collect both field and photo reference data, and analyze accuracy assessment results. Examples of accuracy assessment case studies based on actual project data will be presented and discussed. Each participant in this course will come away with a solid understanding of accuracy assessment procedures for spatial data, and the knowledge to properly interpret the results of such procedures. In order to maximize the benefits of completing this course, participants should have previous experience with GIS and remotely sensed data. In addition, a good understanding of statistical principles is also strongly suggested.

I. Introduction
II. Overview

A. Historical Review

1. Aerial photography
2. Digital assessments

III. Data Collection Considerations

A. Classification Scheme
B. Sample Design

1. Data distribution
2. Randomness
3. Spatial autocorrelation
4. Sample size
5. Sampling scheme
6. Sample unit

C. Reference Data Collection

1. Forms

IV. Basic Analysis Techniques

A. Non-site Specific Assessments
B. Site Specific Assessments

1. The Error Matrix
2. Analysis Techniques
3. Confidence Limits
4. Area Estimation/Correction

V. Practicals

A. Impact of Sample Design on Cost
B. Recommendations for Collection of Reference Data
C. Sources of Variation in Reference Data
D. Qualitative vs. Quantitative Analysis
E. Local vs. Regional vs. Global Assessments

A. Beyond the Error Matrix
B. Complex Data Sets

VII. Case Study
VIII. Conclusions

TUESDAY WORKSHOPS (May 6, 2003)

WS #7. "Performance, Accuracy, and Economics of Imaging Sensors, LIDAR and IFSAR for DEM Generation"
(Tuesday - Full day)

Mike Renslow Bryan Mercer
Spencer B. Gross, Inc. Intermap Technologies Corp.

There are a number of existing imaging and remote sensing systems that are specifically designed for surface data generation. These include IFSAR (Interferometric SAR), LIDAR, and Aerial Photography as well as spaceborne optical and radar stereo options. This workshop aims at providing a comprehensive understanding of the technology, accuracy, and comparative performance of the various alternatives available for surface generation with particular emphasis on IFSAR and LIDAR technologies. The economic viability and cost effectiveness of these systems will also be examined, from a comparative point-of-view.

The following topics will be addressed:

I. Background on Image Acquisition Techniques
II. Basic Photogrammetric Principles
III. LIDAR: Principles and Applications
IV. IFSAR: Principles and Applications
V. Satellite-borne RADAR and Imaging Systems for DEM Generation
VI. Cost and Performance Inter-comparisons Including Accuracy Evaluation
VII. Overview of Standards and Guidelines for Active Sensor Data
VIII. Outlook for the Future

WS #8. Image Classification techniques for the development of accurate, detailed, quantitative land cover data
(Tuesday - full day)

Kenneth A. Stumpf
Geographic Resource Solutions

The workshop is designed as a workflow that takes participants through stages and aspects in the development of a successful land cover data derivation project and contrasts traditional and alternative techniques. It presents alternative perspectives on successful implementation of terrain-sensitive illumination correction, early implementation of a GIS and database to minimize planning and collection effort while maximizing results, and on key classification-scheme issues. It also expands on crucial GPS issues for aerial data gathering, use of data-loggers to standardize data collection and guide field efforts, as well as on advantages and techniques for quantitative data collection, the use of in-situ classifications to monitor field progress, and field data verification. The agenda progresses into the image training and classification stages, expanding on alternative treatment of cover characteristics and class data to maintain detail information at the pixel level, techniques for the resolution of confusion, and development of a final pixel map

I. Introduction
II. Project Planning Considerations
III. Vegetation Classification Scheme (VCS)

A. Importance
B. Components

IV. Image Processing Techniques and Concerns

A. Image Quality Concerns
B. Terrain Data Concerns
C. Minimization of terrain-induced differential illumination
D. Additional image enhancement techniques

V. Techniques for Improved Accuracy Field Data Collection

A. Site Selection and Storage
B. GIS-driven Data Collection
C. Data Transfer, Storage, and Evaluation

VI. Image Training

A. Lumping vs. splitting of cover characteristics
B. Supervised training of visited sites
C. Class Splitting vs. lumping
D. Resolving Class confusion
E. Unsupervised ISO-clustering

VII. Image Classification

A. From supervised classes
B. From unsupervised classes
C. Accurate pixel map: building blocks for subsequent vector generation processes

VIII. Aggregation Techniques

A. Pixels vs. Polygons
B. Traditional Approaches
C. Ecological Rule-based Pixel Aggregation
D. Benefits

IX. Accuracy Assessment

A. Sources of reference data
B. Agreement vs. Accuracy
C. Sampling Design

WS #9. A Handle on the Accuracy of Imagery-based Digital Elevation Data in Softcopy Environment
(Tuesday - full day-)

Dr. Raad A. Saleh Ms. Claire Kiedrowski
S&J International Boeing Autometric
Automation has become a driving force in end-to-end softcopy production of digital elevation and other surface models. The primary source data are film-based or digital imagery. In film-based methods, accuracy specification of elevation data has been well understood, such as through the C-Factor of the production system. This workshop addresses accuracy specifications of surface data produced in end-to-end softcopy photogrammetric environment. Such an environment requires that new factors be understood and accounted for. These include image acquisition systems, direct georeferencing, scanning resolution, automated collection techniques, and other factors. The workshop will also include discussion on the accuracy of technologies for direct surface data acquisition, such as LIDAR.

I. Introduction to Softcopy Systems
II. Digital Elevation Data Extraction in Softcopy Environment
III. Accuracy Specifications of Surface Data
IV. Digital Elevation Accuracy, Scale, and Scanning Resolution
V. Theoretical versus Practical Accuracy of Digital Elevation Data
VI. State-of-the-art Softcopy System for Digital Elevation Data Extraction
VII. Accuracy of Digital Elevation Data from HR Satellite Imagery and Non-image Sources.

WS #10. Hyperspectral Image Processing and Machine Learning Based Feature Extraction: Maximizing Geospatial Information Retrieval through the use of Digital Imagery and a GIS (Tuesday - full day)

William Farrand Stuart Blundell
Farr View Consulting Visual Learning Systems, Inc.

Imaging spectrometry, commonly referred to as hyperspectral remote sensing, provides high-resolution spectral information for environmental and natural resource projects. An experimental hyperspectral sensor is currently in orbit and operational orbital hyperspectral systems are planned. In this workshop, we will provide students with an introduction to imaging spectrometry, hyperspectral image processing techniques, and automated feature extraction to demonstrate how digital imagery can add value to maintenance of geospatial databases. We will emphasize that the added value in imaging spectrometry is on the spectrometry, the ability to identify materials based on their reflectance signatures. We will briefly go into the phenomenology of reflectance spectrometry and explain why some materials are more amenable to mapping than others. We will describe commercially available processing systems that are available for processing hyperspectral and multispectral data and discuss the processing techniques within those packages. Some of the techniques that were originally developed for use with airborne hyperspectral data are also highly effective when applied against orbital multispectral data. Also, certain processing techniques are better suited to certain applications. We will explain why this is so.

We will provide a package of materials to the students that will include hard copies of the overhead transparencies and an extensive list of references on the topics addressed. We will engage the class with an in-class exercise and several "take-home" hand-on exercises. Students with access to laptop or notebook computers are encouraged to bring them to the course as software will be made available.

I. Define imaging spectrometry (hyperspectral remote sensing)
II. The phenomenology of reflectance spectrometry
III. Automated Feature Extraction in a GIS
IV. Commercially available hyperspectral imaging (HSI) software packages
V. Processing techniques for applications of HSI and MSI (exercise)
VI. Feature extraction strategies in a GIS using HSI and MSI results
VII. Exercise
VIII. Summary and final discussion

WS #11. MODIS Land Products Workshop
(Tuesday - half day- AM)

Dr. David Verbyla Matt Reeves
University of Alaska, Fairbanks University of Montana

This introductory workshop is for anyone interested in learning about MODIS land products which can be applied at regional to global scales. The workshop is designed for geospatial professionals who have never used MODIS products, and are interested in potentials and problems of using MODIS products. These products can be processed using most common image processing/GIS software.

I. MODIS product overview

A. Processing levels 1-4, versions
B. Swath, gridded, and composite products
C. Quality Assurance bits
D. Product tiles
E. Algorithm and user-guide sources

II. Ordering, browsing, and reprojecting MODIS Land Products

A. EOS Data Gateway order
B. Downloading options
C. Browsing HDF-EOS files
D. MODIS reprojection tool

III. MODIS Land Products

A. Surface Reflectance/Emissivity Products
B. Fire Products
C. Snow and Ice Products
D. Vegetation Products
E. Land Cover Products

IV. Quality Control Screening

A. Global Browse Images
B. Pixel quality control bit flags

V. Cartographic Applications

A. Land Rapid Response System
B. MODIS Image Galleries

WS #12. Remote Sensing and GIS of Wetlands
(Tuesday - half day- AM)

Dr. John G. Lyon and Ross Lunetta
US EPA

In identifying and characterizing wetland and adjacent features, the use of remote sensor and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technologies has been valuable. Remote sensors such as photographs and computer-sensor generated images can illustrate conditions of hydrology, extent, change over time, and impact of events such as hurricanes and tornados. Information derived from remote sensors can be stored in map or spatial form and used in a GIS or CADD system for measurements and for modeling. The technologies can also be used to evaluate adjacent non-wetland resources and determine how best to manage the resource. This presentation will show how remote sensing and GIS research can help to characterize wetlands.

I. Ground features and images
II. Features of wetlands
III. Aerial view of wetlands
IV. Multispectral advantages
V. Interpretation of color infrared images
VI. High altitude imagery
VII. Imagery from spacecraft
VIII. Land cover thematic maps
IX. Detailed multispectral sensing
X. Geographic information systems

WS #13. Integrating 3D Visualization and Multimedia Mapping Techniques with GIS and Remote Sensing Applications
(Tuesday - half day- PM)

David Buckley, Director - Federal/Civil GIS Solutions
Space Imaging LLC

This workshop will focus on describing and demonstrating techniques for applying 3D visualization and multimedia mapping technologies to real world problems. Technical issues, opportunities and solutions will be presented that demonstrate the utility for properly applying these technologies to operational needs using GIS and remote sensing platforms. Examples will be presented that illustrate the benefits and pitfalls than can occur when attempting to integrate these advanced technologies. This workshop will present numerous real time examples that cross disciplines and technology platforms (public domain and COTS). Examples will be presented within both the GIS and remote sensing arenas that utilize conventional GIS derived data and high-resolution imagery.

I. 3D Visualization

A. Need for Visualization
B. Review of Existing Technologies

i. Methods & Techniques
ii. Software Tools

a. Commercial Software (GIS & RS)
b. Public Domain

C. Technical Requirements - Data and Symbology

i. GIS & Imagery
ii. 3D Symbols
iii. Desktop versus Web

D. Advanced Methods

i. Rendering Natural Landscapes - 3D Object Rendering
ii. Visualizing Change Over Time
iii. Simulating Flybys - Using High Resolution Imagery

II. Multimedia Mapping

A. Map Animation - 2D and 3D
B. Integrating Video and Audio with Spatial Data

III. Summary & What's Next

A. Sources for More Information