Conference Workshops

Continuing Education Units (CEUs) ASPRS, in conjunction with the University of Maryland, College Park, is pleased to offer ASPRS 2004 Annual Conference workshop attendees the opportunity to earn Continuing Education Credits (CEUs). All attendees are eligible for CEUs if they attend the above noted workshops, register for CEUs and pay the processing fee of $20. For each workshop attended, one CEU for every 10 hours of eligible sessions attended is awarded to CEU registrants. (Full day workshops are 8 hours and receive 0.8 CEUs. Half day workshops are 4 hours and receive 0.4 CEUs). Registration forms will be distributed during the workshops.CEU participants will receive a certificate of completion awarded by the University of Maryland, College Park, approximately one month after the conference.Please note: CEUs are awarded to workshop attendees only. Tutorials, General Sessions, Poster Sessions, or any other scheduled special event at this conference are not eligible for CEUs.

WS #1 — Photogrammetry 101 – Photogrammetry for Non-Photogrammetrists
Monday, March 7th, 8:00 am - 12 noon, .04 CEU
Claire Kiedrowski, KAPPA Mapping, Inc.
Lori Phillips, KAPPA Mapping, Inc.

This workshop provides the fundamentals of photogrammetry to those spatial data analysts who want to add a knowledge of photogrammetry to their list of skills. GIS mapping specialists who are contemplating expanding their practices to include photogrammetry are especially encouraged to attend. It is also an excellent review for current photogrammetric specialists. The goal of the workshop is to present principles of all components of photogrammetric processing. After completing this workshop, participants should have a clear understanding of how photogrammetry works, uses for photogrammetry, and the accuracy that can be achieved using photogrammetry. I. Introduction - Definition, Basic Concepts, Types of Photography, Uses for Photo- grammetry, Units II. Cameras and Film III. Scanners and Raster Files IV. Fundamental of Photogrammetry - Scale, Collinearity, Atmospheric Refraction, Earth Curvature, Relief Displacement V. Stereo - Parallax, Epipolar Geometry, Base to Height Ratio, Vertical Exaggeration VI. Orientations - IO, RO, AO VII. 3D Data Collection VIII. Single Photo Resection, Orthos, and Mosaicing IX. Aerotriangulation X. Job Planning XI. Map Projections

WS #2 — The Expert Witness in Remote Sensing & GIS
Monday, March 7th, 1:00 pm - 5:00 pm, .04 CEU
John Brown, Agricultural Investigation & Research Corporation.
Jim Hipple, USDA Risk Management Agency

This workshop will cover the role of the expert witness in legal proceedings, including issues such as the effective presentation of data at arbitration or trial, admissibility of data, Daubert challenges, and avoiding perjuring yourself. I. The Role of the Expert Witness A. Expert consulting witness B. Expert testifying witness C. Interfacing with the attorney 1. “your” attorney vs. “their” attorney a. pitfalls II. The Consulting Report A. Methodology / data analysis B. Site visit C. Data authentication D. Opinion E. Quality control III. Depositions IV. The Court Room A. Surviving a “Daubert” challenge B. The courtroom presentation C. Direct and cross-examination D. General procedures E. Evidence F. Rebuttal

WS #3 — Preparation for the ASPRS Technologist Certification
Monday, March 7th, 8:00 am - 12 noon, .04 CEU
Doug Fuller, AERO-METRIC, Inc.

The purpose of this workshop is to prepare individuals applying for ASPRS Certified Technologist. The workshop begins with explanation of the Technologist Certification Program reviewing the criteria, application, and examination process. The exam content will be presented in detail, identifying topical areas, sample questions, and basic concepts. Resources and study materials will be discussed to assist applicants to prepare for the examination.

WS #4 — Identifying and Mapping Land Cover and Land Use Change Over Time
Monday, March 7th, 1:00 pm - 5:00 pm, .04 CEU
Kass Green, Alta Vista

The purpose of this course is to introduce students to the concepts and techniques of change detection. Two primary questions are answered:õ How should change in land cover and land use be characterized? What types of GIS and remote sensing procedures can be used to locate, identify, measure, and incorporate change into land cover and land use applications? The Workshop is organized as follows: I. Introduction A. Definition of change detection B. Discussion of the different goals of change detection II. Types of Change Detection Procedures commonly used A. Tabular comparisons B. Map to map comparisons C. Multi-temporal image analysis III. Manual and Automated Methods for Change Detection A. Single date analysis B. Multiple date analysis 1. Image differencing 2. Unsupervised classification of multi-temporal imagery 3. Principal components analysis C. Map to image analysis IV. Requirements of Change Detection Projects A. Specifying the type of change to be detected B. Choosing the source data C. Controlling all non-change variationEach section of the workshop will include real world case studies and real time demonstrations of change detection techniques.

WS #5 — Utilization / Integration of Lidar for Mapping and GIS
Monday, March 7th, 8:00 am - 5:00 pm, .08 CEU
Mike Renslow, Spencer B. Gross, Inc.

This workshop presents the fundamentals of Lidar technology, data characteristics, supporting technologies, processing, creation of digital map products and applications. The workshop is designed for technicians and professionals who require an in-depth review of Lidar technology and data characteristics, and how the data integrates into existing mapping and GIS applications. The workshop will cover the following topics: I. The Theory Behind Laser Technologies II. Airborne GPS and Inertial Measurement III. Components of a Operational Lidar System IV. Multiple Returns and Intensity Data Capture V. Error Budgets and Standards VI. Data Processing VII. Project Design

WS #6 — Advanced Topics in Orthophoto Production
Monday, March 7th, 8:00 am - 5:00 pm, .08 CEU
Frank L. Scarpace, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison
Alan Vonderohe, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison

This workshop will cover some of the critical aspects in production of orthophotos. The topics to be covered will include: automated aerotriangulation; manual and automated mosaicing; methods for automatically determining seam lines; and automated color balancing, including corrections for hot spots and lake effects. The principles behind these techniques will be explained and examples from a number of commercial software products using these methods will be shown. In the afternoon, the participants in the workshop will be given an opportunity to produce an orthophoto mosaic on their own laptop computers from a sample data set using the methodology described in the workshop. Workshop Participants are asked to bring their own laptop computer to the workshop.

WS #7 — Professional Airborne Digital Mapping Systems — An Overview
Monday, March 7th, 8:00 am - 5:00 pm, .08 CEU
Dave Fuhr, Airborne Data Systems
Brian Huberty, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service

The primary objective of this course is to review current and future professional airborne digital mapping camera systems. We will discuss all advantages and disadvantages of these new, dynamic systems - technical, costs, feasibility, calibration and applications. Participants will leave with a better understanding of: 1) what it takes to contract airborne digital mapping camera projects; 2) what to look for if you wish to purchase a system or two. I. Introduction II. Data Objectives - What do You Want to Identify? III. History IV. Airplanes - Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, to Cessna’s to Learjets to U2’s V. Camera Design-Single Camera to Multispectral and Thermal A. Shutters B. Filters/bandwidth C. Forward motion compensation D. Lenses E. Array sensors-CCD,CMOS F. Linear/pushbroom sensors G. Scanning mirror H. Thermal VI. Physical Image Resolution VII. Spectral Image Resolution VIII. Computer Systems - Aircraft Compatible Ix. Storage Systems - Aircraft Compatible X. Aircraft Power Systems XI. Real-time Data Deliver/Downlink XII. Flight Planning/Navigation A. GPS B. IMU XIII. Systems Integration XIV. Support/Support/Support XV. Data Post Processing A. Radiometric corrections B. Lens correction C. Auto-georeferencing D. Auto-georectification E. Auto-orthorectification F. File conversion, formats, sizes, compression XVI. DEM’s/Lidar Integration XVII. Applications XVIII. Future/Wrap-up

WS #8 — GIS Implementation and Management
Monday, March 7th, 8:00 am - 5:00 pm, .08 CEU
Rebecca Somers, Somers-St.Claire

This workshop provides a practical guide for implementing and managing a GIS. It provides an overview of the GIS implementation process and details each of the steps, analyses, and decisions that must be made for a successful project. The workshop also addresses situations in which an organization already has some GIS capabilities, but wishes to expand its GIS operations or move to an enterprise GIS. Crucial organizational and management approaches and issues are also discussed. GIS implementation and management strategies, techniques, and issues are illustrated by examples from various types of organizations’ current GIS projects. The workshop is designed to help anyone initiating a GIS project or program, expanding current GIS facilities, or seeking to improve their GIS operations and solve inherent problems. I. GIS Strategic Planning and Implementation Planning II. Requirements Analysis and System Design III. Database Design, Data Sources, Data Conversion, and Data Sharing IV. Specifying and Selecting the Right GIS System Components V. Managing Vendors and Consultants VI. GIS Operation and Maintenance VII. Expanding GIS Operations and Developing an Enterprise GIS VIII. Organizational Issues IX. Staffing and Training X. Financial Justification, Budgeting, and Funding XI. Ensuring Effective GIS Use and Adoption XII. GIS Management Strategies and Techniques

WS #9 — Close Range Techniques for the Conservation and Rehabilitation of the Cultural Heritage
Tuesday, March 8th, 8:00 am - 12 noon, .04 CEU
Paul Bryan, English Heritage, UK
Michael Clowes, English Heritage, UK

The consequences of the recent war in Iraq have resulted in the serious loss and damage to the cultural heritage in the region. Events have highlighted the urgent need to collect data on the many monuments and sites under threat. Accurate and economic geospatial survey data of these buildings and sites will form an important part of the re-stabilization and regeneration of the country. An understanding of a country’s past plays an important part in formulating its future.This workshop is intended to provide information on the methods and developments in close range photogrammetry and associated techniques such as laser scanning related specifically to building conservation and rehabilitation. It will examine how this technology is now regularly used for architectural and archaeological projects as an aid to the management of the historic environment. The benefit of providing economic survey data that can either be archived and analysed when required or integrated into a CAD system within days of capture will also be demonstrated. The instructors will illustrate their presentations through case studies derived from their own personal background and experience. These will be complemented with project examples using a digital photogrammetric workstation.The workshop is expected to be of significant value to survey professionals who will already be working in mapping but wish to investigate the possibility of expanding into the close range environment. It will also be an opportunity for professionals in the construction industry to perceive the impact that this exciting technology can make especially in the areas of architecture, facilities management and engineering.

WS #10 — Assessing the Accuracy of GIS Information Created from Remotely Sensed Data: Principles and Practices
Tuesday, March 8th, 1:00 pm - 5:00 pm, .04 CEU
Kass Green, Alta Vista

This course focuses on the principles, techniques, and practical aspects of assessing the accuracy of GIS information derived from remotely sensed data. Participants will receive instruction in how to design accuracy assessment procedures, allocate accuracy assessment samples, collect both field and photo reference data, and analyze accuracy assessment results. Examples of accuracy assessment case studies based on actual project data will be presented and discussed. Each participant in this course will come away with a solid understanding of accuracy assessment procedures for spatial data, and the knowledge to properly interpret the results of such procedures. In order to maximize the benefits of completing this course, participants should have previous experience with GIS and remotely sensed data. In addition, a good understanding of statistical principles is also strongly suggested. I. Introduction II. Overview A. Historical review 1. aerial photography 2. digital assessments III. Data Collection Considerations A. Classification Scheme B. Sample design 1. data distribution 2. randomness 3. spatial autocorrelation 4. sample size 5. sampling scheme 6. sample unit C. Reference data collection 1. forms IV. Basic Analysis Techniques A. Non-site specific assessments B. Site specific assessments 1. the error matrix 2. analysis techniques 3. confidence limits 4. area estimation/correction V. Practicals A. Impact of sample design on cost B. Recommendations for collection of reference data C. Sources of variation in reference data D. Qualitative vs. quantitative analysis E. Local vs. regional vs. global assessments VI. Advanced Topics A. Beyond the error matrix B. Complex data sets VII. Case Study VIII. Conclusions

WS #11 — Remote Sensing of Vegetation
Tuesday, March 8th, 8:00 am - 12 noon, .04 CEU
Charles Olson, University of Michigan

The goal of this workshop is to provide an examination of morphologic and physiologic factors affecting signals upwelling from vegetated areas and their influence on remotely sensed data in the visible, near-IR, middle-IR, thermal and microwave spectral bands, with emphasis on the spectral bands of camera systems and the ETM+ sensor. I. Review of the Energy Flow Profile for Remote Sensing Systems A. Energy sources B. Atmospheric transmission effects C. Terrain interactions 1. reflectance from first surface 2. reflectance from additional surfaces – multiple reflections (or volume reflection) D. Sensor response (spectral bands) 1. passive systems 2. active systems II. Reflectance and Transmittance of Plant Foliage A. Broadleaved plants B. Grasses C. Needled plants (conifers) III. Reflectance from Additional Surfaces A. Multiple reflections within the canopy B. Stem/branches C. Understory vegetation D. Litter and soil IV. Morphologic Effects on Volume Reflectance A. Branch angle 1. “normal” 2. stress related 3. diurnal changes B. Foliage density (LAI) 1. seasonal changes 2. stress effects V. Composite Spectral Signatures A. Identifying components B. Integrating data from the several components

WS #12 — Preparing For ASPRS Certification
Tuesday, March 8th, 8:00 am - 5:00 pm, .08 CEU
Robert Burtch, Ferris State University

The purpose of this workshop is to prepare individuals who are planning to sit for the ASPRS Certification exams as a Certified Photogrammetrist or Certified Mapping Scientist in either Remote Sensing or GIS. The workshop will begin by explaining the purpose and form of the exam. It will then begin to identify key topical areas that an applicant should be aware of prior to taking the exam. Topics will begin with a review of the basic concepts and sample questions to show how these topics will be tested for on the exam. Finally, the workshop will try to identify resources in which exam takers should be aware of and study from in their preparation for the examination. I. Purpose of the Exam A. Role of the exam in the certification process B. Format of the exam C. Topical areas covered on each of the three different exams II. Photogrammetry A. Important principles B. Review questions C. Resources for further study III. Remote Sensing A. Important principles B. Review questions C. Resources for further study IV. Geographic Information Systems A. Important principles B. Review questions C. Resources for further study V. Other Topical Areas of Importance in Preparation for the Exam

WS #13 — The Economics of Lidar Data Procurement: Contracting & Pricing Guidelines for Lidar Mapping Projects
Tuesday, March 8th, 8:00 am - 5:00 pm, .08 CEU
Martin Flood, 3Sigma Ventures
Tim Blak, Dewberry and Davis

The purpose of this workshop is to provide an introduction to the fundamental economics of Lidar data procurement for pricing evaluation. In the past decade Lidar has established its technical credentials as a reliable tool for acquiring high resolution, high accuracy elevation data. However, contracting for and acquiring Lidar data can be a challenging endeavor. A buyer can be faced with inconsistency in pricing from different vendors on a request for proposals (RFP), raising questions about differences in product deliverables or data quality between vendors. It can be difficult for a buyer to separate what is a realistic and reasonable price for a project versus an increased risk of receiving a poor data product due to under bidding. Therefore, this course will go in to the details of: I. Factors Impacting Project Pricing Ii. Economies of Scale Iii. Competitive Forces Impacting Data Providers Iv. Capital Cost Structure of the Industry V. Data Ownership Costs Vi. Partnership Strategies to Reduce Procurement Costs Vii. Current and Future PricingContractual guidelines for structuring Lidar data procurement contracts will also be covered, as well as innovative and creative ways to partner with data providers or other data buyers to reduce costs. This workshop is intended for government and private sector buyers interested in learning what to expect when contracting for Lidar data collection and processing services. Program managers will learn how to budget and plan for Lidar data collection services related to major mapping programs. The workshop will be structured to allow significant time for group exercises and discussion.

WS #14 — Hyperspectral Image Processing and Feature Extraction: Maximizing Geospatial Information Retrieval
Tuesday, March 8th, 8:00 am - 5:00 pm, .08 CEU
William Farrand, Farr View Consulting
Stuart Blundell, Visual Learning Systems, Inc.

Imaging spectrometry, commonly referred to as hyperspectral remote sensing, provides high-resolution spectral information for environmental and natural resource projects. Hyperspectral image processing approaches can also be applied to broadband multispectral imagery to enhance automated feature extraction techniques. In this workshop, we will provide students with an introduction to imaging spectrometry, hyperspectral image processing techniques, and automated feature extraction to demonstrate how digital imagery can add value to maintenance of geospatial databases. Hyperspectral data requires a substantially different processing approach from that required for multispectral data; however, such an approach can add value to information extraction from broadband MSI data. We will emphasize that the added value in imaging spectrometry is on the spectrometry, the ability to identify materials based on their reflectance signatures. We will briefly go into the phenomenology of reflectance spectrometry and explain why some materials are more amenable to mapping than others. We will describe commercially available processing systems that are available for processing hyperspectral and multispectral data and discuss the processing techniques within those packages. Certain processing techniques are better suited to certain applications. We will explain why this is so. We will also discuss some of the advantages and shortcomings of current airborne and orbital hyperspectral systems as well as planned systems.Hyperspectral imagery provides users with discrete spectral, and consequently compositional, information about earth surface materials. The ability to integrate other types of geologic, geochemical, biologic, or hydrologic data with information from hyperspectral data improves the interpretation and mapping process. A GIS uses relational databases of tabular information and spatial data (vector, CAD, grid, image) to spatially explore how disparate types of data are related to solve a problem. The student will be introduced to the concepts of developing feature extraction models for automated feature extraction using hyperspectral, Lidar, DEMs and multispectral data within a GIS. We will provide real-world examples of how hyperspectral and multispectral data processing end products, including resultant mineral and vegetation species maps, can be incorporated into the Feature Analyst for feature extraction in a GIS. The desired final result is a map that will be of immediate utility to the end user. We will provide a package of materials to the students that will include hard copies of the overhead transparencies and an extensive list of references on the topics addressed. We will engage the class with an in-class exercise and several “take-home” hands-on exercises. I. Define Imaging Spectrometry (hyperspectral remote sensing) II. The Phenomenology of Reflectance spectrometry III. Automated Feature Extraction in a GIS with Feature Analyst IV. Commercially Available Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) Software Packages V. Processing Techniques for Applications of HSI and MSI (demonstration) VI. Feature Extraction Strategies in a GIS using HSI and MSI results VII. Descriptions of Available and Soon-to-be Available Hyperspectral Systems VIII. Exercises IX. Case Studies X. Summary and Final Discussion

WS #15 — Fundamentals of Geodesy in GPS Surveying Applications
Tuesday, March 8th, 8:00 am - 5:00 pm, .08 CEU
Francis Derby, Penn State University
Muneendra Kumar, NGS (retired)

With modern development of satellite based positioning and navigation techniques, surveyors, GIS professionals, engineers, navigators, and geoscientists are using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) technology for position fixing and many other applications. Aided by computers, there is the tendency for users to accept the computed results without adequate understanding of the underlying geodetic principles. These principles are covered in geodesy textbooks that are usually replete with complex mathematical equations with minimal explanation. This workshop has been designed to explain the progression of ideas, concepts, and principles that are fundamental to geodetic positioning and navigation with GPS. Special efforts will be made to explain basic geodetic definitions, equations, formulas and algorithms. By the end of the workshop, participants will have obtained a better understanding of geodetic principles in GPS technology and a better appreciation of the results obtained from GPS observations and computations.This workshop will cover the broad areas of geometric, physical, and satellite geodesy and include: I. The Shape and Size of the Earth II. Coordinate Systems III. Different Types of Heights IV. 3-D Geodetic Coordinate System V. Marine Positioning VI. Gravity and Earth’s Gravity Models VII. World Geodetic System (WGS) 1984