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August 2019
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING & REMOTE SENSING
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC
ENGINEERING &
REMOTE SENSING
J
ournal
S
taff
Publisher ASPRS
Editor-In-Chief Alper Yilmaz
Assistant Editor Jie Shan
Assistant Director — Publications Rae Kelley
Electronic Publications Manager/Graphic Artist
Matthew Austin
Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing
is the official journal
of the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. It is
devoted to the exchange of ideas and information about the applications of
photogrammetry, remote sensing, and geographic information systems. The
technical activities of the Society are conducted through the following Technical
Divisions: Geographic Information Systems, Photogrammetric Applications,
Lidar, Primary Data Acquisition, Professional Practice, and Remote Sensing
Applications. Additional information on the functioning of the Technical
Divisions and the Society can be found in the Yearbook issue of
PE&RS.
Correspondence relating to all business and editorial matters pertaining to this
and other Society publications should be directed to the American Society for
Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 425 Barlow Place, Suite 210, Bethesda,
Maryland 20814-2144, including inquiries, memberships, subscriptions,
changes in address, manuscripts for publication, advertising, back issues,
and publications. The telephone number of the Society Headquarters is 301-
493-0290; the fax number is 225-408-4422; web address is
.
PE&RS.
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COPYRIGHT 2019.
Copyright by the American Society for Photogrammetry and
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On May 9, 2019, the U.S. Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service reported that 313
river gauges across the United States were above flood stage. All but five of those
gauges were in the heartland of the United States, mostly within the Mississippi
River watershed.
Thirty-two U.S. river gauges were above major flood stage, and 18 of them were with-
in 200 miles of St. Louis, Missouri. Rock Island, Illinois, set a new local high-water
record on May 2 at 22.70 feet. The Mississippi River crested at 41.33 feet at St. Louis
on May 6—not a record, but a major flood nonetheless.
Towns along the main stem of the Mississippi in Iowa and Illinois have reported some
level of flooding for the past six weeks, and recent water levels reached the top five
highest on record for most stations. While flood waters have crested and started to
recede in many areas, new locations to the south could approach flood stage in the
next week as the pulse of water flows toward the Gulf of Mexico.
The Operational Land Imager (OLI) on Landsat 8 caught a rare opening in the spring
cloud cover to observe the flooding along the Mississippi River near St. Louis. These
false-color images were acquired on May 7, 2019, cover image, and June 5, 2018,
above, (for comparison in the same season). The images were composed from a com-
bination of infrared and visible light (OLI bands 6-5-4) in order to better distinguish
water that is out of the river banks and on the floodplains.
The latest flood crests came after several heavy rainstorms in late April and early
May doused the already saturated ground of the Midwest and Plains states. Beyond
the Mississippi River, flash flooding has been a problem in Kansas, Missouri, Nebras-
ka, Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. Snow fell in the Upper Midwest on May 8, and
more rain is expected across the Mississippi basin later this week.
This spring flooding was predicted by U.S. government climatologists and weather
forecasters. In a national hydrological assessment released in March by the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, forecasters noted: “The potential for ma-
jor flooding due to well-above-normal precipitation, snowmelt, saturated soils, and
frozen ground is high compared to its historical average across the Upper Mississippi
River and Red River of the North basins.”
Formore informationvisit,https://landsat.visibleearth.nasa.gov/view.php?id=145029.
NASA Earth Observatory images by Lauren Dauphin, using Landsat data from the U.S.
Geological Survey. Story by Mike Carlowicz.
