PE&RS June 1998

Cover Image

These images and spectra of the Mt. Fitton area, South Australia, were acquired by the HYMAPTM scanner, a commercially available hyperspectral airborne system. The local geology in this area is comprised of a series of folded unconformable Adelaidian (Proterozoic) sediments syn- and post-intruded by Proterozoic diapirs, and Palaeozoic granitic and granodioritic intrusives. Sedimentary facies show a full range of argillaceous, arenaceous, and carbonaceous compositions and textures.  Palaeozoic tectonism is characterised by E/ENE trending asymmetric folds with steeply dipping axial traces. Synform features are strongly developed within the area. Hyperspectral systems, also known as “imaging spectrometers,” uniquely provide combined high spatial- and spectral-information that can be used to map the composition and abundance of surface materials, thus aiding in the geologic interpretation.

The HYMAP data shown here cover an approximately 2.6 x 4 km area at 5-meter spatial resolution in 128 narrow (12 – 16 nm-wide) spectral bands.  The left image is a Color Infrared Composite (CIR) Image of HYMAP bands 30, 17, and 10 (0.863, 0.665, 0.557 mm)(RGB). The center image shows bands 1, 2, and 3 (RGB) of a Minimum Noise Fraction Transform (MNF) of selected VNIR bands. The left plot shows laboratory reflectance spectra from the U. S. Geological Survey spectral library for selected minerals. The right plot shows average apparent reflectance spectra for selected minerals extracted from the HYMAP hyperspectral data after a simple flat field atmospheric correction, and tentatively identified using visual comparison to the U.S.G.S. spectral library. The right image shows color overlays of these selected mineral occurrences on a grayscale image of HYMAP Band 17 (0.665 mm). Colors in the right image correspond to those used in the spectral plots. Preliminary analysis of these HYMAP data without a priori information and using only the 2.0–2.5 mm range indicate the presence of over 15 distinct minerals.

 HYMAP data courtesy of Integrated Spectronics Pty Ltd, acquired April 1998, and processed by Analytical Imaging and Geophysics, Boulder, Colorado using ENVI®, the “Environment for Visualizing Images.” For additional information about ENVI®, contact Research Systems Inc., 303-786-9900; envi@rsinc.com; or www.rsinc.com. ENVI® is a registered trademark of Better Solutions Consulting LLC, Lafayette, Colorado, USA. Information about HYMAP is available from Integrated Spectronics at www.intspec.com. Analytical Imaging and Geophysics can be contacted at www.aigllc.com.

Peer-Reviewed Articles (Click the linked titles to see the full abstract)

589 Emerging Legal and Ethical Issues in Advanced Remote Sensing Technology
E. Terrence Slonecker, Denice M. Shaw, and Thomas M. Lillesand

Fundamental changes are taking place in the world of remote sensing that will require all practitioners in the field to revisit the code of ethics of the profession. 

597 Bias and Precision of Different Sampling Methods for GPS Positions
Michel Arnaud and Albert Flori

With or without filtering based on criteria such as the numbers of satellites or PDOP, mean longitude and latitude values are unbiased. 

601 Mosaicking Airborne Scanner Data  with the Multiquadric Rectification Technique
Kenneth C. McGwire

The multiquadric technique provided excellent edge matching and less than half the absolute geometric error of polynomial-based techniques. 

607 Satellite Monitoring of Lake Ice Breakup on the Laurentian Shield (1980-1994)
Randolph H. Wynne, Thomas M. Lillesand, Murray K. Clayton, and John J. Magnuson

The predominant spatial trends of mean ice breakup dates can be attributed to latitude and snowfall. 

619 Accuracy Assessment of a Land-Cover Map of the Kuparuk River Basin, Alaska: Considerations for Remote Regions
S.V. Muller, D.A. Walker, F.E. Nelson, N.A. Auerback, J.G. Bockheim. S. Guyer, and D. Sherba

A helicopter and Y-Code GPS receiver-assisted accuracy assessment using an error matrix and fuzzy sets methods to analyze classification error in a simplified land-cover map of a remote watershed is described. 

629 Map-Guided Approach for the Automatic Detection on Landsat TM Images of Forest Stands Damaged by the Spruce Budworm
Stéphane Chalifoux, François Cavayas, and James T. Gray

This method has a definite advantage over all standard methods, by permitting the characterization as damaged or not of an entire stand, instead of the individual image pixel.

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